Gulf Fritillary

Dione vanillae · Order: Lepidoptera · Family: Nymphalidae

Also called: Passion Butterfly

No source yet on danger. We have no source yet on whether it bites, stings or damages anything.
Gulf Fritillary
Photo: ISAAC FELIPE 8425, CC BY-SA

The Gulf fritillary is a medium-sized orange butterfly with black streaks and silvery spots on the underside of its wings. It lives in sunny open areas such as grasslands, parks, woodlands and butterfly gardens across the southern United States and further south into Argentina. Caterpillars feed on Passiflora vines, while adults sip nectar from many flowers, including lantana.

Source: Wikipedia

How to recognize it

The upper side of the wings is bright orange with black streaks; the underside is brown with silvery white dots. Females tend to be darker and have more black markings than males.

Source: Wikipedia

Size

Adults have a wingspan of about 6.5 to 9.5 cm.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it lives

They are found in open, moderately sunny habitats like grasslands, parks, woodlands, and butterfly gardens.

Source: Wikipedia

What it eats

Caterpillars eat Passiflora species; adults feed on nectar from many flowers, such as lantana.

Source: Wikipedia

Life cycle

Eggs develop in three to five days, and the chrysalis stage lasts eleven to twenty-one days.

Source: Wikipedia

When you see it

Adults are seen in sunny open habitats during the warm months when females lay eggs low over host plants.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it comes from

Their range includes the southern United States (Florida, Texas, etc.) and extends through Central and South America to Argentina.

Source: Wikipedia

Lookalikes

The Gulf fritillary, also called the passion butterfly, belongs to the subfamily Heliconiinae of the Nymphalidae family.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it is found in the US

Recorded in 41 of 51 states and DC. Most records: Texas, Florida, California, Georgia, Alabama, South Carolina, Tennessee, Louisiana.

Darker = more records. Counts are museum and citizen-science records, not population size.

Source: GBIF

Months it is reported in the US

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Source: GBIF

More photos

Questions people ask

What plants do the caterpillars eat?

Caterpillars feed on vines of the Passiflora genus.

Source: Wikipedia

Where can I see Gulf fritillaries?

Look for them in sunny open areas such as parks, grasslands, woodlands, and butterfly gardens in the southern U.S. and further south.

Source: Wikipedia

Same family (Nymphalidae)

Sources

  • Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_fritillary

Look it up elsewhere: GBIF · iNaturalist · BugGuide · Wikipedia

Text written 2026-10-22 from the sources above and checked sentence by sentence against them. Data fetched 2026-10-22.

How this page works

This is one bug's fact sheet. The colored box at the top says whether it is dangerous. Sections below cover how to recognize it, whether it is a pest, and how to deal with it. The US map shows which states have records; tap a state to see other bugs there.

Every fact on Bug FAQ comes from a named source (university extension sites, government agencies, GBIF, iNaturalist, Wikipedia). The source is linked next to each section. If we have no source for something, we leave it out.