Holly Blue

Celastrina argiolus · Order: Lepidoptera · Family: Lycaenidae

Also called: Holly Blue Butterfly, Spring Azure

No source yet on danger. We have no source yet on whether it bites, stings or damages anything.
Holly Blue
Photo: Esin Üstün, CC BY

The holly blue is a small butterfly with violet-blue wings and silver-blue undersides, found across Eurasia. Its larvae feed on holly and many other plants, and it has several generations from spring to autumn. Population numbers fluctuate because a parasitic ichneumon wasp attacks its caterpillars and pupae.

Source: Wikipedia

How to recognize it

The butterfly shows violet-blue wings with pale silver-blue undersides marked with black dots; males have a shining violet-blue top side with a thin white edge on the front wing margin.

Source: Wikipedia

Size

Its wingspan measures about 2.6 to 3.4 cm.

Source: Wikipedia

How to get rid of it

Population cycles are linked to a parasitoid ichneumon wasp that lays eggs inside holly blue caterpillars; the emerging wasp kills the chrysalis.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it lives

It often perches with its wings nearly closed or held at roughly a right angle.

Source: Wikipedia

Life cycle

Adults appear in spring, again in July, and sometimes a third time in late August-September; pupae are attached to the underside of leaves and are ochre with brown spots.

Source: Wikipedia

When you see it

Adults are seen in spring, July, and occasionally late summer; activity also peaks in June and autumn.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it comes from

The species occurs throughout Eurasia.

Source: Wikipedia

Lookalikes

It is the national butterfly of Finland.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it is found in the US

Recorded in 30 of 51 states and DC. Most records: New York, Arizona, California, Utah, Washington, New Mexico, Idaho, Colorado.

Darker = more records. Counts are museum and citizen-science records, not population size.

Source: GBIF

Months it is reported in the US

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Source: GBIF

More photos

Holly Blue photo 3
Photo: unknown, CC0

Questions people ask

Are holly blues a problem for gardens or crops?

They feed on many garden plants, but the sources do not describe them as damaging pests.

Source: Wikipedia

Why do holly blue numbers go up and down?

Their numbers fluctuate because a parasitic ichneumon wasp attacks their caterpillars and pupae.

Source: Wikipedia

Same family (Lycaenidae)

Sources

  • Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holly_blue

Look it up elsewhere: GBIF · iNaturalist · BugGuide · ITIS · Wikipedia

Text written 2026-10-22 from the sources above and checked sentence by sentence against them. Data fetched 2026-10-22.

How this page works

This is one bug's fact sheet. The colored box at the top says whether it is dangerous. Sections below cover how to recognize it, whether it is a pest, and how to deal with it. The US map shows which states have records; tap a state to see other bugs there.

Every fact on Bug FAQ comes from a named source (university extension sites, government agencies, GBIF, iNaturalist, Wikipedia). The source is linked next to each section. If we have no source for something, we leave it out.