American Cockroach

Periplaneta americana · Order: Blattodea · Family: Blattidae

Also called: B-52 Cockroach, Common Cockroach, ship cockroach

Can spread germs or disease. American cockroaches can spread disease-causing bacteria to food and surfaces.

Source: Wikipedia, Penn State Extension

American Cockroach
Photo: Len Worthington, CC BY-SA

The American cockroach is a large, reddish-brown pest that lives in moist, warm places and often enters homes through plumbing or cracks. It feeds on many household items and can contaminate food with harmful microbes, posing a health risk.

Source: Penn State Extension, Wikipedia

How to recognize it

Adults are about 1½ inches long, reddish-brown with yellow-edged thorax and full-length wings. Egg cases are brown, purse-shaped, and about 0.9 cm long.

Source: Penn State Extension, Oklahoma State Extension, Wikipedia

Size

It is the largest cockroach species commonly found in homes.

Source: Wikipedia

Is it a pest in the house?

They are common in restaurants, grocery stores, bakeries, and other food-handling areas, and can infest yards and alleys in summer. They enter homes via wastewater pipes, door gaps, air ducts, or other openings.

Source: Oklahoma State Extension, Wikipedia

Does it bite or sting?

At least 22 pathogenic microbes and five helminth species have been isolated from them.

Source: Wikipedia

How to get rid of it

Inspect thoroughly, seal cracks, store food in insect-proof containers, and keep areas clean. Use glue traps, targeted insecticides, or pheromone-based methods as part of an IPM program. Contact your local county extension office for up-to-date advice.

Source: Wikipedia, US EPA, Penn State Extension, Oklahoma State Extension

Where it lives

They prefer warm, moist environments but can survive in dry areas if water is available.

Source: Wikipedia

What it eats

They are omnivorous, eating cheese, sweets, beer, leather, bakery goods, book glue, hair, dead animals, plant material, and starch-coated paper.

Source: Wikipedia, Penn State Extension

Life cycle

Their life cycle includes egg, nymph, and adult stages, with nymphs molting about 13 times.

Source: Wikipedia

When you see it

In cold climates they move indoors for warmth, but adults cannot survive several days at temperatures ≤10 °C.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it comes from

Despite the name, they originate from Africa and the Middle East.

Source: Wikipedia

Lookalikes

They are often mistaken for a palmetto bug.

Source: Wikipedia

Where it is found in the US

Recorded in 48 of 51 states and DC. Most records: Texas, California, Florida, North Carolina, Arizona, Hawaii, New York, Louisiana.

Darker = more records. Counts are museum and citizen-science records, not population size.

Source: GBIF

Status: introduced in North America. Source: iNaturalist

Months it is reported in the US

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Source: GBIF

More photos

Questions people ask

Do American cockroaches bite?

The risk is what they carry: they pick up bacteria like Salmonella on their legs and leave it on food, which can cause food poisoning.

Source: Wikipedia, Penn State Extension

Where do they usually live?

They prefer warm, moist places like sewers, basements, and kitchens, and often enter homes through plumbing or cracks.

Source: Wikipedia

How can I get rid of them?

Seal entry points, keep food sealed, clean spills promptly, and use glue traps or targeted insecticides as part of an IPM plan.

Source: Wikipedia, Penn State Extension

Same family (Blattidae)

Sources

  • Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_cockroach
  • Penn State Extension: https://extension.psu.edu/american-cockroaches
  • Oklahoma State Extension: https://extension.okstate.edu/programs/digital-diagnostics/insects-and-arthropods/american-cockroach-periplaneta-americana
  • US EPA: https://www.epa.gov/ipm/cockroaches-and-schools

Look it up elsewhere: GBIF · iNaturalist · BugGuide · ITIS · Wikipedia

Text written 2026-10-22 from the sources above and checked sentence by sentence against them. Data fetched 2026-10-22.

How this page works

This is one bug's fact sheet. The colored box at the top says whether it is dangerous. Sections below cover how to recognize it, whether it is a pest, and how to deal with it. The US map shows which states have records; tap a state to see other bugs there.

Every fact on Bug FAQ comes from a named source (university extension sites, government agencies, GBIF, iNaturalist, Wikipedia). The source is linked next to each section. If we have no source for something, we leave it out.